An effective dual electrolyte designed to enhance the performance of magnesium/sulfur batteries.

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Elsewedy University of Technology

2 -Physics Department, Faculty of science, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom. Egypt -Physics Department, Faculty of science, New Mansoura University, Dakahlia. Egypt

Abstract

Magnesium batteries still encounter significant hurdles in their advancement, including
issues like rapid loss of capacity, absence of suitable electrolytes, passivation of the
magnesium anode, sluggish conversion reactions, and self-discharge. In this study, a
sulfur cathode incorporating carbon-based material S/C is devised and tested within a
magnesium battery framework utilizing a dual electrolyte system. This dual electrolyte
comprises two layers: one derived from a simple halogen-free electrolyte (HFE) and
another from a polymer layer interface (PLI). The HFE consists of magnesium nitrate
(Mg(NO3)2), magnesium triflate (Mg(CF3SO3)2), and succinonitrile (SN) dissolved in
acetonitrile (ACN)/tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (G4) cosolvents, supplemented
with dimethyl sulfoxide as a functional additive. The PLI, on the other hand, incorporates
polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), SN, and (Mg(CF3SO3)2), dissolved in methyl-2-
pyrrolidine (NMP)/G4 cosolvents, aimed at insulating the Mg anode surface from the
liquid electrolyte. The dual electrolyte demonstrates promising characteristics including
high ionic transference number ( 𝑡𝑚𝑔+2 = 0.9), excellent oxidation stability, low
overpotential, and consistent Mg stripping/plating for up to 100 hours. The Mg/S full cell
exhibits an impressive initial discharge/charge capacity of approximately 1312/432
mAhg-1
. Examination of sulfur cathodes at various electrochemical states indicates the
reversible conversion reaction of Mg2+ ions within the sulfur cathode framework.

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Journal of the Egyptian Society for Basic Sciences-Physics
Volume 1, Issue 2 - Serial Number 6
review, original articles, regular articles and Letters to the Editorial Board
July 2024
Pages 47-56

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